The Secret to How Movies Move You: The Importance of Color Accuracy

BenQ

2019/06/27

Regardless of whether you are talking about movies, pictures, or any other visual medium, for any creative work that is based on visuals color is an element that plays a vital role on which the whole work is centered. A good use of color allows the viewer to understand the intentions of the director or discover their individual style. Sometimes they may use vivid, rich colors, while other times they may use dark or pale colors. Even if there is no dialogue or no person on screen, and the image is just scenery, color can affect the audience’s emotions.
Conversely when a scene with a rich palette features inaccurate colors (such as colors that feature an overall blue or yellow tint) that do not line up with what we imagine in our mind, we might get a sense that something about the film’s style is “off”. Outside of letting us know that our video equipment is lacking, this phenomenon will also bring down the quality and level of enjoyment we get from the film.

Cool Palette

Warm Palette

In our time, movies have become a necessary staple of life. Given this, how to get the most precise and accurate colors out of our audio-video equipment has become a question of growing importance, especially when you are talking about the many consumers who dream of creating their own customized home theater. Whether it be for a space where they can relax after a long day at work or a place to enjoy movie time with their loved ones, these home theaters need projectors that can ensure that the colors that the director envisioned are properly translated thereby making the cinematic experience something that can’t be missed.

Is a wide color gamut the same as color accuracy?

Can a color gamut that achieves REC. 709 be considered color accurate?

How do you explain how accurate a given color accuracy is? What is CIE dE2000?

How do you ensure the performance, with regard to color accuracy, of each projector?

How do you choose the best projector, in terms of color accuracy, for your home theater？

Is a wide color gamut the same as color accuracy?

When resolution was still stuck at 1080p Full HD, a wide color gamut usually meant covering 95% of the Rec. 709 color gamut range. But with the development and maturation of 4K UHD and 8K UHD resolutions in recent years, the UHD alliance, with the approval of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), released specifications for their definition of Ultra HD Premium requiring that certified equipment cover at least 90% of the DCI-P3 color space.
A “wide” color gamut, however, does not necessarily meet these requirements, because the color gamut’s coverage is more important. In the past when testing color gamut one would often see the description, “XX% of the NTSC color gamut”, in reality this type of description was not very accurate because this type of color gamut description was more a measure of area, for example 100% of the Rec. 709 color gamut area is roughly equal to 72% of the NTSC color gamut area but of that number about 4% of the color gamut range is not covered as seen in the image below (the solid line in the image represents the Rec. 709 color gamut, while the dashed line represents the NTSC color gamut).
Because of all of this, when the range of a color gamut is said to cover the Rec. 709, DCI-P3, Rec. 2020, or any another color gamut, it does not necessarily mean that its colors are accurate. More importantly, outside of having just a higher coverage, color accuracy needs professional calibration before a projector can truly be called color accurate.

Can a Color Gamut that Achieves Rec. 709 be Considered Color Accurate?

Having discussed color gamut, the next step is to discuss the requirements for Rec. 709 color accuracy as defined by the ITU. The ITU declared that the Rec. 709 white balance’s color temperature must accurately display all the colors of the D65 color temperature. However beyond white balance (W), the six RGBCMY colors must also be calibrated accurately and must conform to Rec. 709 standards including its requirements for color coordinates and color brightness. Thus only when a calibrated projector’s dE2000 value is below 3, can it be properly called a color accurate projector.

How do you explain how accurate a given color accuracy is?
What is CIE dE2000?

When asked whether a projector is color accurate or not, it is often times difficult to explain in words the accuracy of a color. An easier way to answer this question is to ask how small the difference is between the projector’s color and that color’s standard version. As a result once a projector’s colors have been professionally calibrated, we judge the performance of the projector using a color difference standard as close to the human eye as possible.

dE2000 value lower than 3 after professional color calibration (by CalMAN)

Delta E (dE) 2000 is a way of calculating color difference that is very close to what the human eye sees. It represents the difference between two colors with a numerical value where the lower the value, the smaller the difference between the two colors is. In theory a dE2000 value of 1 represents the limit to which the human eye can differentiate 2 colors; in other words if the value is lower than 1, the human eye will not be able to tell the difference between the two colors. Generally speaking when the dE2000 value is between 3 and 6, the color accuracy is good enough for commercial use, but not quite good enough for professionals working in the print or video production fields.

Properly calibrating projectors using professional technology can ensure that each purchased projector’s dE2000 value is lower than 3, and once the dE2000 value is lower than 3 it is considered color accurate.

The following list defines the different dE2000 value ranges:

• 13 - 25: Deemed as different color tones, if the value exceeds this range the two colors are considered two different colors.
• 6.5 - 13: The difference between the two colors is observable, but the two colors are considered the same color tone.
• 3.2 - 6.5: The difference between the two colors is observable, but the impression given by both are basically the same.
• 1.6 - 3.2: From a given distance, the difference between the two colors is basically indistinguishable. Most of the time the two are considered the same color.

In terms of color accuracy for the human eye, dE2000 is used as a means of calculating the difference between two colors as well as standardizing the range and tolerance of color perception for humans. In general a dE2000 value between 3 and 6 is a difference in color that is acceptable by most.

How do you ensure the performance, with regard to color accuracy, of each projector?

Every home theater projector is made up of mechanical, electronic, and optical components. Only a solid design that employs superior optics allows the projector’s colors to flourish. Furthermore during the production phase each projector must be processed by special instruments and calibration software in order to fine tune its color accuracy, including calibrating its gamma, black level, white level, neutral gray, RGBCMY color tracking, hue, saturation, brightness, and other qualities.
*Read More: What is BenQ CinematicColor?

Software Optimization

Production Line Quaility Control

How to Choose the Best Projector for Your Home Theater

．When choosing a projector with a high color coverage, we recommend choosing projectors with 100% Rec. 709 coverage or even a coverage that achieves DCI-P3 levels, such as BenQ’s Home Cinema series of projectors

．We recommend choosing a projector which before leaving the factory has undergone strict inspection and provides a full color inspection report. BenQ’s Home Cinema series of projectors which have 100% Rec. 709 coverage or above have all undergone factory color calibration and provide calibration reports.

．Double-check your projector’s surroundings and lighting conditions. If the space is dark or the ambient light is low, we recommend using a RGBRGB color wheel DLP projector, as its color ratio and color accuracy is better.

．If your home theater features light interference, we recommend using BenQ’s Home Entertainment series projectors, as they use an RGBW color wheel which having undergone color calibration by BenQ’s team of professionals can perfectly balance the execution of brightness and colors, thereby ensuring that even with ambient light present the images will feature properly saturated colors.

Learn More

What is BenQ CinematicColor Technology?

BenQ home cinema projectors embody our belief to “Convey the truest color and impart the deepest feelings to the viewer.” Our THX and ISF dual-certified engineers deliver 100% Rec. 709 color gamut for perfect color consistency.

How to Choose the Perfect Home Theater Projector

Ultimate Giant Screen Cinema Enjoyment in Compact Spaces A home theater projector is the ideal entertainment choice for movie lovers. And it’s easy to choose the perfect projector for watching movies, playing games, and family fun. It only takes three steps to find the right projector for amazing viewing experiences and quality family time.

Brightness matters! Understand the relationships between brightness, projection distance, lighting, image quality and color.

What you need to know about throw distance and ambient lighting? Typically expressed in lumens or ANSI lumens, brightness specification is an important reference when selecting a projector. However, the practical meaning of projector brightness and how to choose a projector for your specific installation needs can be confusing. The following information will help you understand the relationship between brightness and projection effect, as well as application.

Projector Throw Distance Calculator

Though it is commonly believed that a large space is needed in order to project onto large screens, today’s short throw and ultra short throw projectors make it easy to enjoy 100”+ screen sizes in rooms of any size simply by determining the ideal screen size and projection distance.

Can Projectors Really Be HDR?

A common doubt among the consumers when facing more and more home theater projectors in the market is if they really can be qualified as HDR devices. Therefore, this article will start from the projectors. Taking the nature of the technology behind projectors and its limitation into account, and find the definition of HDR for projectors.

What is HDR? The Best Image Close to Reality

In recent years, the quality of images that general audiences can view has significantly improved. and there are more and more 4K TVs, 4K projectors and 4K displays in the market. But, do you really know what HDR is?

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